What is Harris and Trump’s policy?

BBC Stylised image of Harris and Trump in black and white in front of the US Capitol with a blue and red striped backgroundBBC

American voters will have a clear choice for the presidency on Election Day: they must choose between Democratic Vice President Kamala Harris and Republican Donald Trump.

Below you can read what they stand for and how their policies relate to other issues.

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Economy

Haris has said her priority from day one will be to reduce food and housing costs for working families.

She promises a ban on excessive prices for groceries, help for first-home buyers and incentives to increase the supply of housing.

Trump has promised to “end inflation and make America affordable again.”

He has promised to lower interest rates, something the president has no control over, and he says deporting illegal immigrants will ease pressure on housing.

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Abortion

Haris has made abortion rights central to her campaign and continues to push for legislation that will enshrine reproductive rights across the country.

Trump has struggled to find a consistent message in recent weeks.

The three justices he appointed to the Supreme Court as president played a pivotal role in overturning the constitutional right to abortion, a 1973 decision known as Roe v Wade.

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Immigration

Haris was tasked with addressing the root causes of the crisis at the southern border and helped raise billions of dollars in private money to make regional investments to stem the flow north.

Record numbers of people crossed into Mexico in late 2023, but the numbers have since fallen. In this campaign, she has hardened her stance, highlighting her experience as a prosecutor in California, where she tackled human traffickers.

Trump has vowed to close the border by finishing construction of a wall and increasing enforcement. But he urged Republicans to abandon a tough, bipartisan border bill backed by Harris.

He has also promised the largest mass deportation of undocumented migrants in US history, a move experts told the BBC would face legal challenges.

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Taxes

Haris wants to raise taxes on big corporations and Americans earning $400,000 (£305,000) a year.

But she also announced a number of measures that would ease the tax burden on families, including an extension of child benefits.

Trump is proposing trillions in tax cuts, including an extension of his 2017 cuts that helped the wealthy. He says he will pay for them through higher growth and tariffs on imports.

Analysts say both tax plans will add to the ballooning deficit, but Trump’s plans are bigger.

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Foreign policy

Haris has promised to support Ukraine “for as long as it lasts.” She has promised, if elected, to ensure that the U.S., not China, wins “the competition for the 21st century.”

She has been a longtime advocate of a two-state solution between Israel and the Palestinians and has called for an end to the war in Gaza.

Trump pursues an isolationist foreign policy and wants the US to disengage from conflicts elsewhere in the world.

He has said he will end the war in Ukraine within 24 hours through a negotiated settlement with Russia, a move Democrats say would embolden Vladimir Putin.

Trump portrays himself as a fervent supporter of Israel, but says little about how he would end the war in Gaza.

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Trade

Haris has criticized Trump’s sweeping plan to impose tariffs on imports, calling it a national tax on working families that will cost each household $4,000 a year. She is expected to take a more targeted approach to taxing imports.

Trump has made tariffs a central promise in this campaign. He has proposed new tariffs of 10-20% on most foreign goods, and much higher tariffs on those from China.

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Climate

HarisAs Vice President, he helped pass the Inflation Reduction Act, which channeled hundreds of billions of dollars into renewable energy and tax credit and refund programs for electric vehicles.

But she has dropped her opposition to fracking, a gas and oil extraction technique fiercely opposed by environmentalists.

Trumprolled back hundreds of environmental protections during his time in the White House, including limits on carbon dioxide emissions from power plants and vehicles.

In this campaign, he has vowed to increase drilling in the Arctic and has taken up the fight against electric cars.

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Health care

Haris was part of a White House administration that lowered the cost of prescription drugs and capped insulin prices at $35.

Trump has said he will not resume his efforts as president to repeal the Affordable Care Act, which has expanded insurance to millions of additional people.

He advocated for taxpayer-funded fertility treatments, but Republicans in Congress may oppose that.

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Crime

Haris has attempted to compare her experiences as a prosecutor to Trump being convicted of a crime.

Trump has vowed to destroy drug cartels, combat gang violence and rebuild Democratic-run cities that he says are riddled with high crime rates.

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